| pentavalent | (adjective) having a valence of five | - |
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| pentazocine | (noun) analgesic drug (trade name Talwin) that is less addictive than morphine | Synonyms: Talwin |
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| pentecostal | (adjective) of or relating to or occurring at Pentecost | - |
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| (adjective) of or relating to or characteristic of any of various Pentecostal religious bodies or their members | - |
| pentecostalism | (noun) the principles and practices of Pentecostal religious groups; characterized by religious excitement and talking in tongues | - |
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| penthouse | (noun) an apartment located on the top floors of a building | - |
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| pentimento | (noun) the reappearance in a painting of an underlying image that had been painted over (usually when the later painting becomes transparent with age) | - |
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| pentlandite | (noun) a mineral (iron and nickel sulphide) that is the chief ore of nickel | - |
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| pentobarbital | (noun) a barbiturate (trade name Nembutal) used as a sedative and hypnotic and antispasmodic | Synonyms: Nembutal, pentobarbital sodium, yellow jacket |
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| pentode | (noun) a thermionic tube having five electrodes | - |
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| pentose | (noun) any monosaccharide sugar containing five atoms of carbon per molecule | - |
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| pentoxide | (noun) an oxide containing five atoms of oxygen in the molecule | - |
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| pentoxifylline | (noun) a drug (trade name Trental) used to treat claudication; believed to increase the flexibility of red blood cells so they can flow through the blood vessels to the legs and feet | Synonyms: Trental |
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| pentylenetetrazol | (noun) a drug used as a circulatory and respiratory stimulant; larger doses cause convulsions in shock therapy; Metrazol is a trademark | Synonyms: Metrazol, pentamethylenetetrazol |
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| penuche | (noun) fudge made with brown sugar and butter and milk and nuts | Synonyms: panocha, panoche, penoche |
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| penuchle | (noun) a card game played with a pack of forty-eight cards (two of each suit for high cards); play resembles whist | Synonyms: bezique, pinochle, pinocle |
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| penult | (noun) the next to last syllable in a word | Synonyms: penultima, penultimate |
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| penultima | (noun) the next to last syllable in a word | Synonyms: penult, penultimate |
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| penultimate | (adjective) second last | Synonyms: next-to-last |
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| (noun) the next to last syllable in a word | Synonyms: penult, penultima |
| penumbra | (noun) a fringe region of partial shadow around an umbra | - |
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| penumbral | (adjective) of or pertaining to the region of partial shadow around an umbra | - |
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| penurious | (adjective) not having enough money to pay for necessities | Synonyms: hard up, impecunious, in straitened circumstances, penniless, pinched |
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| (adjective) excessively unwilling to spend | Synonyms: parsimonious |
| penuriously | (adverb) in a penurious manner | - |
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| penuriousness | (noun) a disposition to be niggardly with money | - |
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| (noun) a state of lacking money | Synonyms: impecuniousness, pennilessness |
| penury | (noun) a state of extreme poverty or destitution | Synonyms: indigence, need, pauperism, pauperization |
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