| roughly | (adverb) (of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct | Synonyms: about, approximately, around, close to, just about, more or less, or so, some |
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| (adverb) with rough motion as over a rough surface | Synonyms: rough |
| (adverb) with roughness or violence (`rough' is an informal variant for `roughly') | Synonyms: rough |
| roughneck | (noun) a cruel and brutal fellow | Synonyms: bully, hooligan, rowdy, ruffian, tough, yob, yobbo, yobo |
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| roughness | (noun) harsh or severe speech or behavior | - |
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| (noun) a texture of a surface or edge that is not smooth but is irregular and uneven | Synonyms: raggedness |
| (noun) the quality of being harsh or rough or grating to the senses | Synonyms: harshness |
| (noun) an unpolished unrefined quality | Synonyms: crudeness |
| (noun) the formation of small pits in a surface as a consequence of corrosion | Synonyms: indentation, pitting |
| (noun) used of the sea during inclement or stormy weather | Synonyms: choppiness, rough water |
| (noun) rowdy behavior | Synonyms: disorderliness, rowdiness, rowdyism |
| roughrider | (noun) a horseman skilled at breaking wild horses to the saddle | - |
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| roughshod | (adjective) unjustly domineering | Synonyms: heavy-handed |
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| (adjective) (of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering | Synonyms: barbarous, brutal, cruel, fell, savage, vicious |
| (adjective) (of a horse) having horseshoes with projecting nails to prevent slipping | - |
| roulade | (noun) (music) an elaborate run of several notes sung to one syllable | - |
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| (noun) a dish consisting of a slice of meat that is rolled around a filling and cooked | - |
| rouleau | (noun) a roll of coins wrapped in paper | - |
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| (noun) a roll of ribbon | - |
| roulette | (noun) a gambling game in which players bet on which compartment of a revolving wheel a small ball will come to rest in | - |
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| (noun) a wheel with teeth for making a row of perforations | Synonyms: toothed wheel |
| (noun) a line generated by a point on one figure rolling around a second figure | Synonyms: line roulette |
| round | (adjective) having the shape or form of a circle | Synonyms: circular |
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| (adjective) (of sounds) full and rich | Synonyms: orotund, pear-shaped, rotund |
| (adjective) (mathematics) expressed to the nearest integer, ten, hundred, or thousand | - |
| (noun) (often plural) a series of professional calls (usually in a set order) | - |
| (noun) the usual activities in your day | Synonyms: daily round |
| (noun) the activity of playing 18 holes of golf | Synonyms: round of golf |
| (noun) any circular or rotating mechanism | Synonyms: circle |
| (noun) a charge of ammunition for a single shot | Synonyms: one shot, unit of ammunition |
| (noun) a crosspiece between the legs of a chair | Synonyms: rung, stave |
| (noun) a partsong in which voices follow each other; one voice starts and others join in one after another until all are singing different parts of the song at the same time | Synonyms: troll |
| (noun) an outburst of applause | - |
| (noun) a cut of beef between the rump and the lower leg | - |
| (noun) a serving to each of a group (usually alcoholic) | Synonyms: round of drinks |
| (noun) a regular route for a sentry or policeman | Synonyms: beat |
| (noun) the course along which communications spread | - |
| (noun) (sports) a division of a game during which one team is on the offensive | Synonyms: bout, turn |
| (noun) an interval during which a recurring sequence of events occurs | Synonyms: cycle, rhythm |
| (adverb) from beginning to end; throughout | Synonyms: around |
| (verb) become round, plump, or shapely | Synonyms: fill out, flesh out |
| (verb) make round | Synonyms: round off, round out |
| (verb) bring to a highly developed, finished, or refined state | Synonyms: brush up, polish, polish up, round off |
| (verb) express as a round number | Synonyms: round down, round off, round out |
| (verb) pronounce with rounded lips | Synonyms: labialise, labialize |
| (verb) attack in speech or writing | Synonyms: assail, assault, attack, lash out, snipe |
| (verb) wind around; move along a circular course | - |
| roundabout | (adjective) deviating from a straight course | Synonyms: circuitous, devious |
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| (adjective) marked by obliqueness or indirection in speech or conduct | Synonyms: circuitous |
| (noun) a road junction at which traffic streams circularly around a central island | Synonyms: circle, rotary, traffic circle |
| (noun) a large, rotating machine with seats for children to ride on for amusement | Synonyms: carousel, carrousel, merry-go-round, whirligig |
| rounded | (adjective) curving and somewhat round in shape rather than jagged | - |
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| roundedness | (noun) the property possessed by a rounded convexity | Synonyms: bulginess |
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| roundel | (noun) round piece of armor plate that protects the armpit | - |
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| (noun) (heraldry) a charge in the shape of a filled circle | - |
| (noun) English form of rondeau having three triplets with a refrain after the first and third | - |
| roundelay | (noun) a song in which a line or phrase is repeated as the refrain | - |
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| rounder | (noun) a tool for rounding corners or edges | - |
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| (noun) a dissolute person; usually a man who is morally unrestrained | Synonyms: debauchee, libertine |
| rounders | (noun) an English ball game similar to baseball | - |
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| roundhead | (noun) a brachycephalic person | - |
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| roundheaded | (adjective) having a brachycephalic head | Synonyms: broad-headed, short-headed |
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| roundhouse | (noun) a hook delivered with an exaggerated swing | - |
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| (noun) workplace consisting of a circular building for repairing locomotives | - |
| rounding | (noun) (mathematics) a miscalculation that results from rounding off numbers to a convenient number of decimals | Synonyms: rounding error |
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| roundish | (adjective) somewhat round in appearance or form | - |
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| roundly | (adverb) in a round manner | - |
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| (adverb) in a blunt direct manner | Synonyms: bluffly, bluntly, brusquely, flat out |
| roundness | (noun) the property possessed by a line or surface that is curved and not angular | - |
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| (noun) the bodily property of being well rounded | Synonyms: embonpoint, plumpness |
| (noun) the quality of being round numbers | - |
| (noun) the fullness of a tone of voice | Synonyms: rotundity |
| roundsman | (noun) a workman employed to make rounds (to deliver goods or make inspections or so on) | - |
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| roundtable | (noun) a meeting of peers for discussion and exchange of views | Synonyms: round-table conference, round table |
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| roundup | (noun) the systematic gathering up of suspects by the police | - |
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| (noun) the activity of gathering livestock together so that they can be counted or branded or sold | - |
| (noun) a summary list; as in e.g. "a news roundup" | - |
| roundworm | (noun) unsegmented worms with elongated rounded body pointed at both ends; mostly free-living but some are parasitic | Synonyms: nematode, nematode worm |
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| (noun) infections of the skin or nails caused by fungi and appearing as itching circular patches | Synonyms: ringworm, tinea |
| rouse | (verb) cause to become awake or conscious | Synonyms: arouse, awaken, wake, wake up, waken |
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| (verb) cause to be agitated, excited, or roused | Synonyms: agitate, charge, charge up, commove, excite, turn on |
| (verb) force or drive out | Synonyms: drive out, force out, rout out |
| (verb) become active | Synonyms: bestir |
| rouser | (noun) someone who rouses others from sleep | Synonyms: arouser, waker |
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| rousing | (adjective) rousing to activity or heightened action as by spurring or goading | - |
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| (adjective) capable of arousing enthusiasm or excitement | Synonyms: stirring |
| (noun) the act of arousing | Synonyms: arousal |
| roustabout | (noun) a member of a ship's crew who performs manual labor | Synonyms: deckhand |
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| rout | (noun) an overwhelming defeat | - |
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| (noun) a disorderly crowd of people | Synonyms: mob, rabble |
| (verb) cause to flee | Synonyms: expel, rout out |
| (verb) defeat disastrously | Synonyms: spread-eagle, spreadeagle |
| (verb) make a groove in | Synonyms: gouge |
| (verb) dig with the snout | Synonyms: root, rootle |
| route | (noun) an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation | Synonyms: road |
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| (noun) an established line of travel or access | Synonyms: itinerary, path |
| (verb) send via a specific route | - |
| (verb) divert in a specified direction | - |
| (verb) send documents or materials to appropriate destinations | - |
| routemarch | (noun) a long training march for troops | - |
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| router | (noun) (computer science) a device that forwards data packets between computer networks | - |
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| (noun) a worker who routes shipments for distribution and delivery | - |
| (noun) a power tool with a shaped cutter; used in carpentry for cutting grooves | - |
| routine | (adjective) found in the ordinary course of events | Synonyms: everyday, mundane, quotidian, unremarkable, workaday |
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| (noun) an unvarying or habitual method or procedure | Synonyms: modus operandi |
| (noun) a set sequence of steps, part of larger computer program | Synonyms: function, procedure, subprogram, subroutine |
| (noun) a short performance that is part of a longer program | Synonyms: act, bit, number, turn |
| routinely | (adverb) according to routine or established practice | - |
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| routineness | (noun) The state or quality of being routine, of possessing the traits of being quotidian, and repeating a pattern regularly. | - |
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| roux | (noun) a mixture of fat and flour heated and used as a basis for sauces | - |
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| saliferous | (adjective) containing or yielding salt | - |
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| sandgrouse | (noun) pigeon-like bird of arid regions of the Old World having long pointed wings and tail and precocial downy young | Synonyms: sand grouse |
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| saporous | (adjective) full of flavor | Synonyms: flavorful, flavorous, flavorsome, flavourful, flavourous, flavoursome, sapid |
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| scabrous | (adjective) dealing with salacious or indecent material | - |
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| (adjective) rough to the touch; covered with scales or scurf | Synonyms: lepidote, leprose, scaly, scurfy |
| scrounge | (verb) collect or look around for (food) | Synonyms: forage |
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| (verb) obtain or seek to obtain by cadging or wheedling | Synonyms: cadge, schnorr, shnorr |
| scrounger | (noun) someone who mooches or cadges (tries to get something free) | Synonyms: cadger, mooch, moocher |
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| seminiferous | (adjective) bearing or producing seed or semen | - |
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| serous | (adjective) of or producing or containing serum | - |
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| shroud | (noun) burial garment in which a corpse is wrapped | Synonyms: cerement, pall, winding-clothes, winding-sheet |
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| (noun) (nautical) a line (rope or chain) that regulates the angle at which a sail is set in relation to the wind | Synonyms: mainsheet, sheet, tack, weather sheet |
| (noun) a line that suspends the harness from the canopy of a parachute | - |
| (verb) wrap in a shroud | - |
| (verb) cover as if with a shroud | Synonyms: cover, enshroud, hide |
| (verb) form a cover like a shroud | - |
| slanderous | (adjective) (used of statements) harmful and often untrue; tending to discredit or malign | Synonyms: calumniatory, calumnious, defamatory, denigrating, denigrative, denigratory, libellous, libelous |
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| slanderously | (adverb) in a false and slanderous and defamatory manner; with slander or calumny | Synonyms: calumniously |
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| slanderousness | (noun) The property of being both untrue and harmful to a reputation. | - |
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| slaughterous | (adjective) accompanied by bloodshed | Synonyms: butcherly, gory, sanguinary, sanguineous |
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| slumberous | (adjective) inclined to or marked by drowsiness | Synonyms: slumbery, slumbrous, somnolent |
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| (adjective) quiet and tranquil | Synonyms: slumbrous |
| slumbrous | (adjective) inclined to or marked by drowsiness | Synonyms: slumberous, slumbery, somnolent |
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| (adjective) quiet and tranquil | Synonyms: slumberous |
| somniferous | (adjective) sleep inducing | Synonyms: hypnagogic, hypnogogic, somnific, soporiferous, soporific |
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| sonorous | (adjective) full and loud and deep | Synonyms: heavy |
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| sonorously | (adverb) in a sonorous manner | Synonyms: rotundly |
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| sonorousness | (noun) having the character of a loud deep sound; the quality of being resonant | Synonyms: plangency, resonance, reverberance, ringing, sonority, vibrancy |
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| soporiferous | (adjective) sleep inducing | Synonyms: hypnagogic, hypnogogic, somniferous, somnific, soporific |
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| (adjective) inducing mental lethargy | Synonyms: narcotic, soporific |
| sorcerous | (adjective) possessing or using or characteristic of or appropriate to supernatural powers | Synonyms: charming, magic, magical, witching, wizard, wizardly |
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| splendiferous | (adjective) having great beauty and splendor | Synonyms: glorious, resplendent, splendid |
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| sprout | (noun) a newly grown bud (especially from a germinating seed) | - |
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| (noun) any new growth of a plant such as a new branch or a bud | - |
| (verb) put forth and grow sprouts or shoots | Synonyms: stock |
| (verb) produce buds, branches, or germinate | Synonyms: bourgeon, burgeon forth, germinate, pullulate, shoot, spud |
| sprouted | (adjective) (of growing vegetation) having just emerged from the ground | - |
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| sprouter | (noun) A device for sprouting seeds. | Synonyms: seed sprouter |
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| sprouting | (noun) the process whereby seeds or spores sprout and begin to grow | Synonyms: germination |
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| stertorous | (adjective) of breathing having a heavy snoring sound | - |
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| stertorously | (adverb) in a noisy and stertorous manner | - |
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| stoloniferous | (adjective) producing stolons | - |
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| stuporous | (adjective) stunned or confused and slow to react (as from blows or drunkenness or exhaustion) | Synonyms: dazed, foggy, groggy, logy |
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| subgroup | (noun) (mathematics) a subset (that is not empty) of a mathematical group | - |
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| (noun) a distinct and often subordinate group within a group | - |
| subroutine | (noun) a set sequence of steps, part of larger computer program | Synonyms: function, procedure, routine, subprogram |
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| sulfurous | (adjective) of or related to or containing sulfur or derived from sulfur | Synonyms: sulphurous |
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| (adjective) characterized by oppressive heat and humidity | Synonyms: stifling, sulphurous, sultry |
| (adjective) harsh or corrosive in tone | Synonyms: acerb, acerbic, acid, acrid, bitter, blistering, caustic, sulphurous, virulent, vitriolic |
| sulphurous | (adjective) of or related to or containing sulfur or derived from sulfur | Synonyms: sulfurous |
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| (adjective) characterized by oppressive heat and humidity | Synonyms: stifling, sulfurous, sultry |
| (adjective) harsh or corrosive in tone | Synonyms: acerb, acerbic, acid, acrid, bitter, blistering, caustic, sulfurous, virulent, vitriolic |
| surround | (noun) the area in which something exists or lives | Synonyms: environment, environs, surroundings |
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| (verb) surround so as to force to give up | Synonyms: beleaguer, besiege, circumvent, hem in |
| (verb) surround with a wall in order to fortify | Synonyms: fence, fence in, palisade, wall |
| (verb) extend on all sides of simultaneously; encircle | Synonyms: border, environ, ring, skirt |
| (verb) envelop completely | Synonyms: smother |
| surrounded | (adjective) confined on all sides | Synonyms: encircled |
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| surrounding | (adjective) closely encircling | Synonyms: circumferent, encompassing |
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| surroundings | (noun) the area in which something exists or lives | Synonyms: environment, environs, surround |
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| (noun) the environmental condition | Synonyms: milieu |
| susurrous | (adjective) characterized by soft sounds | Synonyms: murmurous, rustling, soughing |
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| tenebrous | (adjective) dark and gloomy | Synonyms: tenebrific, tenebrious |
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| tetramerous | (adjective) having or consisting of four similar parts; tetramerous flowers | - |
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| thorough | (adjective) painstakingly careful and accurate | - |
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| (adjective) performed comprehensively and completely; not superficial or partial | Synonyms: exhaustive, thoroughgoing |
| (adjective) without qualification; used informally as (often pejorative) intensifiers | Synonyms: arrant, complete, consummate, double-dyed, everlasting, gross, perfect, pure, sodding, staring, stark, thoroughgoing, unadulterated, utter |
| thoroughbred | (adjective) having a list of ancestors as proof of being a purebred animal | Synonyms: pedigree, pedigreed, pureblood, pureblooded |
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| (noun) a pedigreed animal of unmixed lineage; used especially of horses | Synonyms: pureblood, purebred |
| (noun) a racehorse belonging to a breed that originated from a cross between Arabian stallions and English mares | - |
| (noun) a well-bred person | - |
| thoroughfare | (noun) a public road from one place to another | - |
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| thoroughgoing | (adjective) performed comprehensively and completely; not superficial or partial | Synonyms: exhaustive, thorough |
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| (adjective) without qualification; used informally as (often pejorative) intensifiers | Synonyms: arrant, complete, consummate, double-dyed, everlasting, gross, perfect, pure, sodding, staring, stark, thorough, unadulterated, utter |
| thoroughly | (adverb) in an exhaustive manner | Synonyms: exhaustively |
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| (adverb) completely and absolutely (`good' is sometimes used informally for `thoroughly') | Synonyms: good, soundly |
| thoroughness | (noun) conscientiousness in performing all aspects of a task | - |
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| (noun) property of being marked by full detail, complete in all respects. | - |
| thoroughwort | (noun) perennial herb of southeastern United States having white-rayed flower heads; formerly used as in folk medicine | Synonyms: agueweed, boneset, Eupatorium perfoliatum |
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| through | (adjective) (of a route or journey etc.) continuing without requiring stops or changes | - |
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| (adjective) having finished or arrived at completion | Synonyms: done, through with |
| (adverb) over the whole distance | - |
| (adverb) in diameter | - |
| (adverb) from beginning to end | - |
| (adverb) to completion | - |
| (adverb) throughout the entire extent | Synonyms: through and through |
| throughout | (adverb) from first to last | Synonyms: end-to-end |
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| (adverb) used to refer to cited works | Synonyms: passim |
| throughput | (noun) output relative to input; the amount passing through a system from input to output (especially of a computer program over a period of time) | - |
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| throughway | (noun) a broad highway designed for high-speed traffic | Synonyms: expressway, freeway, motorway, pike, state highway, superhighway, thruway |
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| thunderous | (adjective) loud enough to cause (temporary) hearing loss | Synonyms: deafening, earsplitting, thundery |
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| (adjective) extremely ominous | - |
| thunderousness | (noun) The state or condition of being very loud, suggestive of thunder; booming loudness. | - |
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| timorous | (adjective) timid by nature or revealing timidity | Synonyms: fearful, trepid |
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| timorously | (adverb) in a timorous and trepid manner | Synonyms: trepidly |
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| timorousness | (noun) fearfulness in venturing into new and unknown places or activities | Synonyms: timidity |
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| (noun) fear of the unknown or unfamiliar or fear of making decisions | Synonyms: timidity, timidness |
| torturous | (adjective) extremely painful | Synonyms: agonising, agonizing, excruciating, harrowing, torturesome, torturing |
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| torturously | (adverb) in a very painful manner | Synonyms: agonizingly, excruciatingly |
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| traitorous | (adjective) having the character of, or characteristic of, a traitor | Synonyms: faithless, treasonable, treasonous, unfaithful |
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| traitorously | (adverb) in a disloyal and faithless manner | Synonyms: faithlessly, false, treacherously, treasonably |
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