| excogitate | (verb) reflect deeply on a subject | Synonyms: chew over, contemplate, meditate, mull, mull over, muse, ponder, reflect, ruminate, speculate, think over |
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| (verb) come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort | Synonyms: contrive, devise, forge, formulate, invent |
| excommunicate | (verb) exclude from a church or a religious community | Synonyms: curse, unchurch |
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| (verb) oust or exclude from a group or membership by decree | - |
| excoriate | (verb) express strong disapproval of | Synonyms: condemn, decry, objurgate, reprobate |
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| (verb) tear or wear off the skin or make sore by abrading | Synonyms: chafe |