| phylactery | (noun) (Judaism) either of two small leather cases containing texts from the Hebrew Scriptures (known collectively as tefillin); traditionally worn (on the forehead and the left arm) by Jewish men during morning prayer | Synonyms: tefillin |
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| phyle | (noun) a tribe of ancient Athenians | - |
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| phyllo | (noun) tissue thin sheets of pastry used especially in Greek dishes | - |
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| phylloclad | (noun) a flattened stem resembling and functioning as a leaf | Synonyms: cladode, cladophyll, phylloclade |
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| phylloclade | (noun) a flattened stem resembling and functioning as a leaf | Synonyms: cladode, cladophyll, phylloclad |
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| phyllode | (noun) an expanded petiole taking on the function of a leaf blade | - |
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| phylloquinone | (noun) a form of vitamin K, based on 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, with a 3-phytyl substituent | Synonyms: phytonadione, vitamin K1 |
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| phylogenesis | (noun) (biology) the sequence of events involved in the evolutionary development of a species or taxonomic group of organisms | Synonyms: evolution, organic evolution, phylogeny |
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| phylogeny | (noun) (biology) the sequence of events involved in the evolutionary development of a species or taxonomic group of organisms | Synonyms: evolution, organic evolution, phylogenesis |
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| phylum | (noun) (biology) the major taxonomic group of animals and plants; contains classes | - |
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| (noun) (linguistics) a large group of languages that are historically related | - |