| rataplan | (noun) the sound made by beating a drum | Synonyms: drumbeat, rub-a-dub |
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| ratatouille | (noun) a vegetable stew; usually made with tomatoes, eggplant, zucchini, peppers, onion, and seasonings | - |
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| ratch | (noun) mechanical device consisting of a toothed wheel or rack engaged with a pawl that permits it to move in only one direction | Synonyms: rachet, ratchet |
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| ratchet | (noun) mechanical device consisting of a toothed wheel or rack engaged with a pawl that permits it to move in only one direction | Synonyms: rachet, ratch |
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| rate | (noun) the relative speed of progress or change | Synonyms: pace |
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| (noun) amount of a charge or payment relative to some basis | Synonyms: charge per unit |
| (noun) a quantity or amount or measure considered as a proportion of another quantity or amount or measure | - |
| (noun) a magnitude or frequency relative to a time unit | - |
| rateability | (noun) the state of being liable to assessment or taxation | Synonyms: ratability |
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| rateables | (noun) property that provides tax income for local governments | Synonyms: ratables |
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| ratel | (noun) nocturnal badger-like carnivore of wooded regions of Africa and southern Asia | Synonyms: honey badger, Mellivora capensis |
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| ratepayer | (noun) a person who pays local rates (especially a householder) | - |
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| rates | (noun) a local tax on property | - |
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| rathole | (noun) a small dirty uncomfortable room | - |
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| (noun) a hole (as in the wall of a building) made by rats | - |
| rathskeller | (noun) a tavern below street level featuring beer; originally a German restaurant in the basement of city hall | - |
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| ratification | (noun) making something valid by formally ratifying or confirming it | Synonyms: confirmation |
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| ratifier | (noun) someone who expresses strong approval | Synonyms: endorser, indorser, subscriber |
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| rating | (noun) act of ascertaining or fixing the value or worth of | Synonyms: evaluation |
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| (noun) an appraisal of the value of something | Synonyms: evaluation, valuation |
| (noun) standing or position on a scale | - |
| (noun) rank in a military organization | Synonyms: military rank, military rating, paygrade |
| ratio | (noun) the relation between things (or parts of things) with respect to their comparative quantity, magnitude, or degree | Synonyms: proportion |
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| (noun) the relative magnitudes of two quantities (usually expressed as a quotient) | - |
| ratiocination | (noun) logical and methodical reasoning | - |
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| (noun) the proposition arrived at by logical reasoning (such as the proposition that must follow from the major and minor premises of a syllogism) | Synonyms: conclusion |
| ratiocinator | (noun) someone who reasons logically | Synonyms: reasoner |
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| ration | (noun) the food allowance for one day (especially for service personnel) | - |
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| (noun) a fixed portion that is allotted (especially in times of scarcity) | - |
| rational | (noun) an integer or a fraction | Synonyms: rational number |
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| rationale | (noun) (law) an explanation of the fundamental reasons (especially an explanation of the working of some device in terms of laws of nature) | Synonyms: principle |
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| rationalisation | (noun) systematic organization; the act of organizing something according to a system or a rationale | Synonyms: rationalization, systematisation, systematization |
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| (noun) (mathematics) the simplification of an expression or equation by eliminating radicals without changing the value of the expression or the roots of the equation | Synonyms: rationalization |
| (noun) the organization of a business according to scientific principles of management in order to increase efficiency | Synonyms: rationalization |
| (noun) the cognitive process of making something seem consistent with or based on reason | Synonyms: rationalization |
| (noun) (psychiatry) a defense mechanism by which your true motivation is concealed by explaining your actions and feelings in a way that is not threatening | Synonyms: rationalization |
| rationalism | (noun) the doctrine that reason is the right basis for regulating conduct | Synonyms: freethinking |
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| (noun) (philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge is acquired by reason without resort to experience | - |
| (noun) the theological doctrine that human reason rather than divine revelation establishes religious truth | - |
| rationalist | (noun) someone who emphasizes observable facts and excludes metaphysical speculation about origins or ultimate causes | Synonyms: positivist |
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| rationality | (noun) the quality of being consistent with or based on logic | Synonyms: rationalness |
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| (noun) the state of having good sense and sound judgment | Synonyms: reason, reasonableness |
| rationalization | (noun) systematic organization; the act of organizing something according to a system or a rationale | Synonyms: rationalisation, systematisation, systematization |
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| (noun) (mathematics) the simplification of an expression or equation by eliminating radicals without changing the value of the expression or the roots of the equation | Synonyms: rationalisation |
| (noun) the organization of a business according to scientific principles of management in order to increase efficiency | Synonyms: rationalisation |
| (noun) the cognitive process of making something seem consistent with or based on reason | Synonyms: rationalisation |
| (noun) (psychiatry) a defense mechanism by which your true motivation is concealed by explaining your actions and feelings in a way that is not threatening | Synonyms: rationalisation |
| rationalness | (noun) the quality of being consistent with or based on logic | Synonyms: rationality |
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| rationing | (noun) the act of rationing | - |
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| ratite | (noun) flightless birds having flat breastbones lacking a keel for attachment of flight muscles: ostriches, cassowaries, emus, moas, rheas, kiwis, elephant birds | Synonyms: flightless bird, ratite bird |
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| ratlin | (noun) (nautical) a small horizontal rope between the shrouds of a sailing ship; they form a ladder for climbing aloft | Synonyms: ratline |
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| ratline | (noun) (nautical) a small horizontal rope between the shrouds of a sailing ship; they form a ladder for climbing aloft | Synonyms: ratlin |
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| ratsbane | (noun) a white powdered poisonous trioxide of arsenic; used in manufacturing glass and as a pesticide (rat poison) and weed killer | Synonyms: arsenic, arsenic trioxide, arsenous anhydride, arsenous oxide, white arsenic |
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| rattail | (noun) deep-sea fish with a large head and body and long tapering tail | Synonyms: grenadier, rattail fish |
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| rattan | (noun) a switch made from the stems of the rattan palms | Synonyms: ratan |
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| (noun) climbing palm of Sri Lanka and southern India remarkable for the great length of the stems which are used for malacca canes | Synonyms: Calamus rotang, rattan palm |
| (noun) the stem of various climbing palms of the genus Calamus and related genera used to make wickerwork and furniture and canes | Synonyms: rattan cane |
| ratter | (noun) any of several breeds of terrier developed to catch rats | Synonyms: rat terrier |
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| (noun) a disloyal person who betrays or deserts his cause or religion or political party or friend etc. | Synonyms: apostate, deserter, recreant, renegade, turncoat |
| ratting | (noun) to furnish incriminating evidence to an officer of the law (usually in return for favors) | Synonyms: informing |
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| rattle | (noun) loosely connected horny sections at the end of a rattlesnake's tail | - |
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| (noun) a baby's toy that makes percussive noises when shaken | - |
| (noun) a rapid series of short loud sounds (as might be heard with a stethoscope in some types of respiratory disorders) | Synonyms: rale, rattling |
| rattlebox | (noun) any of various plants of the genus Crotalaria having inflated pods within which the seeds rattle; used for pasture and green-manure crops | Synonyms: crotalaria |
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| rattler | (noun) pit viper with horny segments at the end of the tail that rattle when shaken | Synonyms: rattlesnake |
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| (noun) a railroad train consisting of freight cars | Synonyms: freight train |
| rattlesnake | (noun) pit viper with horny segments at the end of the tail that rattle when shaken | Synonyms: rattler |
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| rattling | (noun) a rapid series of short loud sounds (as might be heard with a stethoscope in some types of respiratory disorders) | Synonyms: rale, rattle |
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| rattrap | (noun) a trap for catching rats | - |
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| (noun) filthy run-down dilapidated housing | - |
| (noun) a difficult entangling situation | - |
| reconsideration | (noun) thinking again about a choice previously made | Synonyms: afterthought, rethink, second thought |
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| (noun) a consideration of a topic (as in a meeting) with a view to changing an earlier decision | - |
| rectorate | (noun) the office or station of a rector | Synonyms: rectorship |
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| recuperation | (noun) gradual healing (through rest) after sickness or injury | Synonyms: convalescence, recovery |
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| refrigeration | (noun) deliberately lowering the body's temperature for therapeutic purposes | - |
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| (noun) the process of cooling or freezing (e.g., food) for preservative purposes | Synonyms: infrigidation |
| refrigerator | (noun) white goods in which food can be stored at low temperatures | Synonyms: icebox |
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| regeneration | (noun) the activity of spiritual or physical renewal | - |
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| (noun) forming again (especially with improvements or removal of defects); renewing and reconstituting | Synonyms: re-formation |
| (noun) (biology) growth anew of lost tissue or destroyed parts or organs | - |
| (noun) feedback in phase with (augmenting) the input | Synonyms: positive feedback |
| registration | (noun) the act of enrolling | Synonyms: enrollment, enrolment |
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| (noun) the act of adjusting something to match a standard | Synonyms: adjustment, readjustment |
| (noun) (music) the sound property resulting from a combination of organ stops used to perform a particular piece of music; the technique of selecting and adjusting organ stops | - |
| (noun) a document certifying an act of registering | - |
| (noun) the body of people (such as students) who register or enroll at the same time | Synonyms: enrollment |
| reiteration | (noun) the act of repeating over and again (or an instance thereof) | Synonyms: reduplication |
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| remonstration | (noun) the act of expressing earnest opposition or protest | Synonyms: expostulation, objection, remonstrance |
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| remuneration | (noun) the act of paying for goods or services or to recompense for losses | - |
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| (noun) something that remunerates | Synonyms: earnings, pay, salary, wage |
| remunerator | (noun) a person who pays money for something | Synonyms: payer |
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| reparation | (noun) something done or paid in expiation of a wrong | Synonyms: amends |
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| (noun) the act of putting something in working order again | Synonyms: fix, fixing, fixture, mend, mending, repair |
| (noun) (usually plural) compensation exacted from a defeated nation by the victors | - |
| (noun) compensation (given or received) for an insult or injury | - |
| respiration | (noun) the metabolic processes whereby certain organisms obtain energy from organic molecules; processes that take place in the cells and tissues during which energy is released and carbon dioxide is produced and absorbed by the blood to be transported to the lungs | Synonyms: cellular respiration, internal respiration |
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| (noun) the bodily process of inhalation and exhalation; the process of taking in oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide by exhalation | Synonyms: breathing, external respiration, ventilation |
| (noun) a single complete act of breathing in and out | - |
| respirator | (noun) a breathing device for administering long-term artificial respiration | Synonyms: inhalator |
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| (noun) a protective mask with a filter; protects the face and lungs against poisonous gases | Synonyms: gas helmet, gasmask |
| restaurateur | (noun) the proprietor of a restaurant | Synonyms: restauranter |
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| restoration | (noun) the act of restoring something or someone to a satisfactory state | - |
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| (noun) getting something back again | Synonyms: regaining, restitution, return |
| (noun) some artifact that has been restored or reconstructed | - |
| (noun) a model that represents the landscape of a former geological age or that represents and extinct animal etc. | - |
| (noun) the state of being restored to its former good condition | Synonyms: refurbishment, renovation |
| restorative | (noun) a device for treating injury or disease | Synonyms: corrective |
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| (noun) a medicine that strengthens and invigorates | Synonyms: tonic |
| reverberation | (noun) the repetition of a sound resulting from reflection of the sound waves | Synonyms: echo, replication, sound reflection |
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| (noun) a remote or indirect consequence of some action | Synonyms: repercussion |
| saleratus | (noun) a white soluble compound (NaHCO3) used in effervescent drinks and in baking powders and as an antacid | Synonyms: baking soda, bicarbonate of soda, sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate |
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| saratoga | (noun) a species of large fish found in Australian rivers, it has a red or pink spot on every scale (Scleropages leichardti) | Synonyms: Australian arowana, Dawson River salmon, Scleropages leichardti, spotted barramundi, spotted bonytongue |
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| saturation | (noun) the act of soaking thoroughly with a liquid | - |
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| (noun) chromatic purity: freedom from dilution with white and hence vivid in hue | Synonyms: chroma, intensity, vividness |
| (noun) the process of totally saturating something with a substance | Synonyms: impregnation |
| (noun) a condition in which a quantity no longer responds to some external influence | - |
| sauerbraten | (noun) pot roast marinated several days in seasoned vinegar before cooking; usually served with potato dumplings | - |
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| scratch | (noun) an indication of damage | Synonyms: mark, scar, scrape |
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| (noun) (golf) a handicap of zero strokes | - |
| (noun) poor handwriting | Synonyms: cacography, scrawl, scribble |
| (noun) a harsh noise made by scraping | Synonyms: scrape, scraping, scratching |
| (noun) dry mash for poultry | Synonyms: chicken feed |
| (noun) a line indicating the location of the start of a race or a game | Synonyms: scratch line, start, starting line |
| (noun) a competitor who has withdrawn from competition | - |
| (noun) informal terms for money | Synonyms: boodle, bread, cabbage, clams, dinero, dough, gelt, kale, lettuce, lolly, loot, lucre, moolah, pelf, shekels, simoleons, sugar, wampum |
| (noun) a depression scratched or carved into a surface | Synonyms: dent, incision, prick, slit |
| (noun) an abraded area where the skin is torn or worn off | Synonyms: abrasion, excoriation, scrape |
| scratcher | (noun) a device used for scratching | - |
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| (noun) a person who scratches to relieve an itch | - |
| (noun) a workman who uses a tool for scratching | - |
| scratchiness | (noun) the roughness of a substance that causes abrasions | Synonyms: abrasiveness, harshness |
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| scratching | (noun) a harsh noise made by scraping | Synonyms: scrape, scraping, scratch |
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| scratchpad | (noun) (computer science) a high-speed internal memory used for temporary storage of preliminary information | - |
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| separate | (noun) a garment that can be purchased separately and worn in combinations with other garments | - |
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| (noun) a separately printed article that originally appeared in a larger publication | Synonyms: offprint, reprint |
| separateness | (noun) the quality of being not alike; being distinct or different from that otherwise experienced or known | Synonyms: distinctness, otherness |
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| (noun) political independence | - |
| (noun) the state of being several and distinct | Synonyms: discreteness, distinctness, severalty |
| separation | (noun) the social act of separating or parting company | - |
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| (noun) the act of dividing or disconnecting | - |
| (noun) (law) the cessation of cohabitation of man and wife (either by mutual agreement or under a court order) | Synonyms: legal separation |
| (noun) sorting one thing from others | - |
| (noun) the distance between things | Synonyms: interval |
| (noun) coming apart | Synonyms: breakup, detachment |
| (noun) the termination of employment (by resignation or dismissal) | - |
| (noun) the space where a division or parting occurs | - |
| (noun) the state of lacking unity | - |
| separationism | (noun) advocacy of a policy of strict separation of church and state | Synonyms: separatism |
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| separationist | (noun) an advocate of secession or separation from a larger group (such as an established church or a national union) | Synonyms: separatist |
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| separatism | (noun) advocacy of a policy of strict separation of church and state | Synonyms: separationism |
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| (noun) a disposition toward schism and secession from a larger group; the principles and practices of separatists | - |
| (noun) a social system that provides separate facilities for minority groups | Synonyms: segregation |
| separatist | (noun) an advocate of secession or separation from a larger group (such as an established church or a national union) | Synonyms: separationist |
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| separator | (noun) an apparatus that uses centrifugal force to separate particles from a suspension | Synonyms: centrifuge, extractor |
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| separatrix | (noun) a punctuation mark (/) used to separate related items of information | Synonyms: diagonal, slash, solidus, stroke, virgule |
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| sequestration | (noun) the act of segregating or sequestering | Synonyms: segregation |
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| (noun) seizing property that belongs to someone else and holding it until profits pay the demand for which it was seized | Synonyms: requisition |
| (noun) a writ that authorizes the seizure of property | - |
| (noun) the action of forming a chelate or other stable compound with an ion or atom or molecule so that it is no longer available for reactions | - |
| serration | (noun) a single notch in a row of notches | - |
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| (noun) a row of notches | - |
| (noun) the condition of being serrated | - |
| serratus | (noun) any of several muscles of the trunk | Synonyms: serratus muscles |
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| sprat | (noun) small herring processed like a sardine | Synonyms: brisling, Clupea sprattus |
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| (noun) small fatty European fish; usually smoked or canned like sardines | Synonyms: brisling |
| stearate | (noun) an ester of stearic acid. | - |
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| (noun) a salt of stearic acid. | - |
| stratagem | (noun) a maneuver in a game or conversation | Synonyms: gambit, ploy |
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| (noun) an elaborate or deceitful scheme contrived to deceive or evade | Synonyms: contrivance, dodge |
| strategian | (noun) an expert in strategy (especially in warfare) | Synonyms: strategist |
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| strategics | (noun) the science or art of strategy | - |
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| strategist | (noun) an expert in strategy (especially in warfare) | Synonyms: strategian |
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| strategy | (noun) an elaborate and systematic plan of action | Synonyms: scheme |
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| (noun) the branch of military science dealing with military command and the planning and conduct of a war | - |
| stratification | (noun) the act or process or arranging persons into classes or social strata | - |
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| (noun) the placing of seeds in damp sand or sawdust or peat moss in order to preserve them or promote germination | - |
| (noun) a layered configuration | - |
| (noun) forming or depositing in layers | - |
| (noun) the condition of being arranged in social strata or classes within a group | Synonyms: social stratification |
| stratigraphy | (noun) the branch of geology that studies the arrangement and succession of strata | - |
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| stratocracy | (noun) government by the military and an army | Synonyms: military government |
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| stratosphere | (noun) the atmospheric layer between the troposphere and the mesosphere | - |
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| stratum | (noun) an abstract place usually conceived as having depth | Synonyms: layer, level |
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| (noun) a subpopulation divided into a stratified sampling | - |
| (noun) people having the same social, economic, or educational status | Synonyms: class, social class, socio-economic class |
| (noun) one of several parallel layers of material arranged one on top of another (such as a layer of tissue or cells in an organism or a layer of sedimentary rock) | - |
| stratus | (noun) a large dark low cloud | Synonyms: stratus cloud |
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| substrate | (noun) an indigenous language that contributes features to the language of an invading people who impose their language on the indigenous population | Synonyms: substratum |
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| (noun) any stratum or layer lying underneath another | Synonyms: substratum |
| (noun) a surface on which an organism grows or is attached | Synonyms: substratum |
| (noun) the substance that is acted upon by an enzyme or ferment | - |
| substratum | (noun) an indigenous language that contributes features to the language of an invading people who impose their language on the indigenous population | Synonyms: substrate |
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| (noun) any stratum or layer lying underneath another | Synonyms: substrate |
| (noun) a surface on which an organism grows or is attached | Synonyms: substrate |
| superstrate | (noun) the language of a later invading people that is imposed on an indigenous population and contributes features to their language | Synonyms: superstratum |
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| (noun) any stratum or layer superimposed on another | Synonyms: superstratum |
| superstratum | (noun) the language of a later invading people that is imposed on an indigenous population and contributes features to their language | Synonyms: superstrate |
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| (noun) any stratum or layer superimposed on another | Synonyms: superstrate |
| suppuration | (noun) a fluid product of inflammation | Synonyms: festering, ichor, purulence, pus, sanies |
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| (noun) (medicine) the formation of morbific matter in an abscess or a vesicle and the discharge of pus | Synonyms: festering, maturation |
| suspiration | (noun) an utterance made by exhaling audibly | Synonyms: sigh |
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