| rub | (noun) the act of rubbing or wiping | Synonyms: wipe |
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| (noun) an unforeseen obstacle | Synonyms: hang-up, hitch, snag |
| (verb) move over something with pressure | - |
| (verb) cause friction | Synonyms: chafe, fray, fret, scratch |
| (verb) scrape or rub as if to relieve itching | Synonyms: itch, scratch |
| rubato | (noun) a flexible tempo; not strictly on the beat | - |
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| rubber | (adjective) returned for lack of funds | Synonyms: no-good |
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| (noun) a waterproof overshoe that protects shoes from water or snow | Synonyms: arctic, galosh, golosh, gumshoe |
| (noun) contraceptive device consisting of a sheath of thin rubber or latex that is worn over the penis during intercourse | Synonyms: condom, prophylactic, safe, safety |
| (noun) an eraser made of rubber (or of a synthetic material with properties similar to rubber); commonly mounted at one end of a pencil | Synonyms: pencil eraser, rubber eraser |
| (noun) a contest consisting of a series of successive matches between the same sides | - |
| (noun) an elastic material obtained from the latex sap of trees (especially trees of the genera Hevea and Ficus) that can be vulcanized and finished into a variety of products | Synonyms: caoutchouc, gum elastic, India rubber, natural rubber |
| (noun) any of various synthetic elastic materials whose properties resemble natural rubber | Synonyms: synthetic rubber |
| (verb) coat or impregnate with rubber | Synonyms: rubberise, rubberize |
| rubberise | (verb) coat or impregnate with rubber | Synonyms: rubber, rubberize |
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| rubberize | (verb) coat or impregnate with rubber | Synonyms: rubber, rubberise |
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| rubberlike | (adjective) having an elastic texture resembling rubber in flexibility or toughness | Synonyms: rubbery |
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| rubberneck | (noun) a person who stares inquisitively | Synonyms: rubbernecker |
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| (noun) a tourist who is visiting sights of interest | Synonyms: excursionist, sightseer, tripper |
| (verb) strain to watch; stare curiously | - |
| rubbernecker | (noun) a person who stares inquisitively | Synonyms: rubberneck |
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| rubberstamp | (verb) approve automatically | - |
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| (verb) stamp with a rubber stamp, usually an indication of official approval on a document | Synonyms: handstamp |
| rubbery | (adjective) having an elastic texture resembling rubber in flexibility or toughness | Synonyms: rubberlike |
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| (adjective) difficult to chew | Synonyms: cartilaginous, gristly |
| rubbing | (noun) effort expended in moving one object over another with pressure | Synonyms: detrition, friction |
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| (noun) representation consisting of a copy (as of an engraving) made by laying paper over something and rubbing it with charcoal | - |
| (noun) the resistance encountered when one body is moved in contact with another | Synonyms: friction |
| rubbish | (noun) nonsensical talk or writing | Synonyms: applesauce, codswallop, folderol, trash, tripe, trumpery, wish-wash |
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| (noun) worthless material that is to be disposed of | Synonyms: scrap, trash |
| (verb) attack strongly | - |
| rubbishy | (adjective) cheap and inferior; of no value | Synonyms: trashy |
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| rubble | (noun) the remains of something that has been destroyed or broken up | Synonyms: debris, detritus, dust, junk |
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| rubdown | (noun) the act of rubbing down, usually for relaxation or medicinal purposes | - |
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| rube | (noun) a person who is not very intelligent or interested in culture | Synonyms: bumpkin, chawbacon, hayseed, hick, yahoo, yokel |
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| rubefacient | (noun) a medicine for external application that produces redness of the skin | - |
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| rubel | (noun) the basic unit of money in Belarus | - |
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| rubella | (noun) a contagious viral disease that is a milder form of measles lasting three or four days; can be damaging to a fetus during the first trimester | Synonyms: epidemic roseola, German measles, three-day measles |
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| rubeola | (noun) an acute and highly contagious viral disease marked by distinct red spots followed by a rash; occurs primarily in children | Synonyms: measles, morbilli |
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| rubicelle | (noun) a yellow or orange variety of ruby spinel | - |
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| rubicund | (adjective) inclined to a healthy reddish color often associated with outdoor life | Synonyms: florid, ruddy, sanguine |
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| rubidium | (noun) a soft silvery metallic element of the alkali metal group; burns in air and reacts violently in water; occurs in carnallite and lepidolite and pollucite | Synonyms: atomic number 37, Rb |
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| rubify | (verb) make ruby red | - |
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| ruble | (noun) the basic unit of money in Russia | Synonyms: rouble |
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| (noun) the basic unit of money in Tajikistan | - |
| rubor | (noun) a response of body tissues to injury or irritation; characterized by pain and swelling and redness and heat | Synonyms: inflammation, redness |
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| rubric | (noun) category name | - |
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| (noun) a title or heading that is printed in red or in a special type | - |
| (noun) an explanation or definition of an obscure word in a text | Synonyms: gloss |
| (noun) an authoritative rule of conduct or procedure | - |
| (noun) directions for the conduct of Christian church services (often printed in red in a prayer book) | - |
| (noun) a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with | Synonyms: statute title, title |
| (verb) adorn with ruby red color | - |
| rubricate | (verb) sign with a mark instead of a name | - |
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| (verb) decorate (manuscripts) with letters painted red | Synonyms: miniate |
| (verb) furnish with rubrics or regulate by rubrics | - |
| (verb) place in the church calendar as a red-letter day honoring a saint | - |
| ruby | (adjective) of a color at the end of the color spectrum (next to orange); resembling the color of blood or cherries or tomatoes or rubies | Synonyms: blood-red, carmine, cerise, cherry-red, cherry, crimson, red, reddish, ruby-red, ruddy, scarlet |
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| (noun) a deep and vivid red color | Synonyms: crimson, deep red |
| (noun) a transparent piece of ruby that has been cut and polished and is valued as a precious gem | - |
| (noun) a transparent deep red variety of corundum; used as a gemstone and in lasers | - |
| ruck | (noun) a crowd especially of ordinary or undistinguished persons or things | Synonyms: herd |
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| (noun) an irregular fold in an otherwise even surface (as in cloth) | Synonyms: pucker |
| (verb) become wrinkled or drawn together | Synonyms: pucker, ruck up |
| ruckle | (verb) make wrinkles or creases on a smooth surface; make a pressed, folded or wrinkled line in; `crisp' is archaic | Synonyms: crease, crinkle, crisp, scrunch, scrunch up, wrinkle |
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| (verb) make a hoarse, rattling sound | - |
| rucksack | (noun) a bag carried by a strap on your back or shoulder | Synonyms: back pack, backpack, haversack, knapsack, packsack |
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| ruckus | (noun) the act of making a noisy disturbance | Synonyms: commotion, din, ruction, rumpus, tumult |
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| ruction | (noun) the act of making a noisy disturbance | Synonyms: commotion, din, ruckus, rumpus, tumult |
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| rudapithecus | (noun) fossil hominoids from northern central Hungary; late Miocene | Synonyms: Dryopithecus Rudapithecus hungaricus |
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| rudd | (noun) European freshwater fish resembling the roach | Synonyms: Scardinius erythrophthalmus |
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| rudder | (noun) (nautical) steering mechanism consisting of a hinged vertical plate mounted at the stern of a vessel | - |
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| (noun) a hinged vertical airfoil mounted at the tail of an aircraft and used to make horizontal course changes | - |
| rudderfish | (noun) fish having the habit of following ships; found in North American and South American coastal waters | Synonyms: banded rudderfish, Seriola zonata |
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| (noun) food and game fish around Bermuda and Florida; often follow ships | Synonyms: Bermuda chub, Kyphosus sectatrix |
| rudderless | (adjective) aimlessly drifting | Synonyms: adrift, afloat, aimless, directionless, planless, undirected |
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| rudderpost | (noun) a vertical post at the forward edge of a rudder that enables the rudder to pivot | Synonyms: rudderstock |
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| rudderstock | (noun) a vertical post at the forward edge of a rudder that enables the rudder to pivot | Synonyms: rudderpost |
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| ruddiness | (noun) a healthy reddish complexion | Synonyms: rosiness |
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| ruddle | (noun) a red iron ore used in dyeing and marking | Synonyms: raddle, reddle |
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| (verb) redden as if with a red ocher color | - |
| (verb) twist or braid together, interlace | Synonyms: raddle |
| ruddles | (noun) the common European annual marigold | Synonyms: Calendula officinalis, common marigold, pot marigold, Scotch marigold |
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| ruddy | (adjective) of a color at the end of the color spectrum (next to orange); resembling the color of blood or cherries or tomatoes or rubies | Synonyms: blood-red, carmine, cerise, cherry-red, cherry, crimson, red, reddish, ruby-red, ruby, scarlet |
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| (adjective) inclined to a healthy reddish color often associated with outdoor life | Synonyms: florid, rubicund, sanguine |
| rude | (adjective) lacking civility or good manners | Synonyms: uncivil |
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| (adjective) belonging to an early stage of technical development; characterized by simplicity and (often) crudeness | Synonyms: crude, primitive |
| (adjective) socially incorrect in behavior | Synonyms: bad-mannered, ill-mannered, unmannered, unmannerly |
| (adjective) (used especially of commodities) being unprocessed or manufactured using only simple or minimal processes | Synonyms: natural, raw |
| (adjective) (of persons) lacking in refinement or grace | Synonyms: bounderish, ill-bred, lowbred, underbred, yokelish |
| rudely | (adverb) in an impolite manner | Synonyms: discourteously, impolitely |
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| rudeness | (noun) a manner that is rude and insulting | Synonyms: discourtesy |
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| (noun) a wild or unrefined state | Synonyms: crudeness, crudity, primitiveness, primitivism |
| rudiment | (noun) the remains of a body part that was functional at an earlier stage of life | - |
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| rudimentary | (adjective) being or involving basic facts or principles | Synonyms: fundamental, underlying |
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| (adjective) being in the earliest stages of development | - |
| (adjective) not fully developed in mature animals | Synonyms: vestigial |
| rudiments | (noun) the elementary stages of any subject (usually plural) | Synonyms: alphabet, first principles |
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| (noun) a statement of fundamental facts or principles | Synonyms: basics |
| rue | (noun) (French) a street or road in France | - |
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| (noun) sadness associated with some wrong done or some disappointment | Synonyms: regret, ruefulness, sorrow |
| (noun) leaves sometimes used for flavoring fruit or claret cup but should be used with great caution: can cause irritation like poison ivy | - |
| (noun) European strong-scented perennial herb with grey-green bitter-tasting leaves; an irritant similar to poison ivy | Synonyms: herb of grace, Ruta graveolens |
| (verb) feel remorse for; feel sorry for; be contrite about | Synonyms: regret, repent |
| rueful | (adjective) feeling or expressing pain or sorrow for sins or offenses | Synonyms: contrite, remorseful, ruthful |
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| ruefully | (adverb) in a rueful manner | Synonyms: contritely, remorsefully |
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| ruefulness | (noun) sadness associated with some wrong done or some disappointment | Synonyms: regret, rue, sorrow |
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| ruff | (noun) (card games) the act of taking a trick with a trump when unable to follow suit | Synonyms: trumping |
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| (noun) common Eurasian sandpiper; the male has an erectile neck ruff in breeding season | Synonyms: Philomachus pugnax |
| (noun) a high tight collar | Synonyms: choker, neck ruff, ruffle |
| (noun) an external body part consisting of feathers or hair about the neck of a bird or other animal | Synonyms: frill |
| (verb) play a trump | Synonyms: trump |
| ruffian | (noun) a cruel and brutal fellow | Synonyms: bully, hooligan, roughneck, rowdy, tough, yob, yobbo, yobo |
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| ruffianism | (noun) violent lawless behavior | - |
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| ruffianly | (adjective) violent and lawless | Synonyms: tough |
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| ruffle | (noun) a noisy fight | Synonyms: affray, disturbance, fray |
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| (noun) a high tight collar | Synonyms: choker, neck ruff, ruff |
| (noun) a strip of pleated material used as a decoration or a trim | Synonyms: flounce, frill, furbelow |
| (verb) pleat or gather into a ruffle | Synonyms: pleat |
| (verb) erect or fluff up | Synonyms: fluff |
| (verb) disturb the smoothness of | Synonyms: mess up, ruffle up, rumple |
| (verb) twitch or flutter | Synonyms: flick, riffle |
| (verb) mix so as to make a random order or arrangement | Synonyms: mix, shuffle |
| (verb) trouble or vex | - |
| (verb) discompose | - |
| (verb) stir up (water) so as to form ripples | Synonyms: cockle, riffle, ripple, undulate |
| (verb) to walk with a lofty proud gait, often in an attempt to impress others | Synonyms: cock, prance, sashay, strut, swagger, tittup |
| ruffled | (adjective) having decorative ruffles or frills | Synonyms: frilled, frilly |
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| (adjective) shaken into waves or undulations as by wind | Synonyms: rippled |
| rug | (noun) floor covering consisting of a piece of thick heavy fabric (usually with nap or pile) | Synonyms: carpet, carpeting |
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| ruga | (noun) (anatomy) a fold or wrinkle or crease | - |
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| rugby | (noun) a form of football played with an oval ball | Synonyms: rugby football, rugger |
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| rugelach | (noun) pastry made with a cream cheese dough and different fillings (as raisins and walnuts and cinnamon or chocolate and walnut and apricot preserves) | Synonyms: ruggelach, rugulah |
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| rugged | (adjective) sturdy and strong in constitution or construction; enduring | - |
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| (adjective) having long narrow shallow depressions (as grooves or wrinkles) in the surface | Synonyms: furrowed |
| (adjective) very difficult; severely testing stamina or resolution | Synonyms: tough |
| (adjective) topographically very uneven | Synonyms: broken |
| ruggedisation | (noun) the act of making a piece of equipment rugged (strengthening to resist wear or abuse) | Synonyms: ruggedization |
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| ruggedise | (verb) produce in a version designed to withstand rough usage | Synonyms: ruggedize |
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| ruggedization | (noun) the act of making a piece of equipment rugged (strengthening to resist wear or abuse) | Synonyms: ruggedisation |
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| ruggedize | (verb) produce in a version designed to withstand rough usage | Synonyms: ruggedise |
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| ruggedly | (adverb) in a rugged manner | - |
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| ruggedness | (noun) the property of being big and strong | Synonyms: huskiness, toughness |
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| (noun) the quality of being topologically uneven | - |
| (noun) the quality of being difficult to do | Synonyms: hardness |
| ruggelach | (noun) pastry made with a cream cheese dough and different fillings (as raisins and walnuts and cinnamon or chocolate and walnut and apricot preserves) | Synonyms: rugelach, rugulah |
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| rugger | (noun) a form of football played with an oval ball | Synonyms: rugby, rugby football |
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| rugose | (adjective) of leaves; ridged or wrinkled | - |
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| rugulah | (noun) pastry made with a cream cheese dough and different fillings (as raisins and walnuts and cinnamon or chocolate and walnut and apricot preserves) | Synonyms: rugelach, ruggelach |
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| ruin | (noun) destruction achieved by causing something to be wrecked or ruined | Synonyms: laying waste, ruination, ruining, wrecking |
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| (noun) a ruined building | - |
| (noun) an event that results in destruction | Synonyms: ruination |
| (noun) failure that results in a loss of position or reputation | Synonyms: downfall, ruination |
| (noun) the process of becoming dilapidated | Synonyms: dilapidation |
| (noun) an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction | Synonyms: ruination |
| (verb) fall into ruin | - |
| (verb) destroy completely; damage irreparably | Synonyms: destroy |
| (verb) reduce to ruins | - |
| (verb) deprive of virginity | Synonyms: deflower |
| (verb) reduce to bankruptcy | Synonyms: bankrupt, break, smash |
| (verb) destroy or cause to fail | - |
| ruination | (noun) destruction achieved by causing something to be wrecked or ruined | Synonyms: laying waste, ruin, ruining, wrecking |
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| (noun) an event that results in destruction | Synonyms: ruin |
| (noun) failure that results in a loss of position or reputation | Synonyms: downfall, ruin |
| (noun) an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction | Synonyms: ruin |
| ruined | (adjective) destroyed physically or morally | Synonyms: destroyed |
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| (adjective) doomed to extinction | Synonyms: done for, sunk, undone, washed-up |
| (adjective) brought to ruin | Synonyms: finished |
| ruiner | (noun) a person who destroys or ruins or lays waste to | Synonyms: destroyer, undoer, uprooter, waster |
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| ruining | (noun) destruction achieved by causing something to be wrecked or ruined | Synonyms: laying waste, ruin, ruination, wrecking |
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| ruinous | (adjective) causing injury or blight; especially affecting with sudden violence or plague or ruin | Synonyms: blasting |
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| (adjective) extremely harmful; bringing physical or financial ruin | Synonyms: catastrophic |
| ruinously | (adverb) in a ruinous manner or to a ruinous degree | - |
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| ruinousness | (noun) The quality of causing or tending to cause ruin. | - |
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| rule | (noun) measuring stick consisting of a strip of wood or metal or plastic with a straight edge that is used for drawing straight lines and measuring lengths | Synonyms: ruler |
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| (noun) a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior | Synonyms: regulation |
| (noun) something regarded as a normative example | Synonyms: convention, formula, normal, pattern |
| (noun) a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system | Synonyms: principle |
| (noun) a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct | Synonyms: principle |
| (noun) (mathematics) a standard procedure for solving a class of mathematical problems | Synonyms: formula |
| (noun) prescribed guide for conduct or action | Synonyms: prescript |
| (noun) (linguistics) a rule describing (or prescribing) a linguistic practice | Synonyms: linguistic rule |
| (noun) directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted | - |
| (noun) any one of a systematic body of regulations defining the way of life of members of a religious order | - |
| (noun) dominance or power through legal authority | Synonyms: dominion |
| (noun) the duration of a monarch's or government's power | - |
| (verb) keep in check | Synonyms: harness, rein |
| (verb) decide with authority | Synonyms: decree |
| (verb) decide on and make a declaration about | Synonyms: find |
| (verb) mark or draw with a ruler | - |
| (verb) exercise authority over; as of nations | Synonyms: govern |
| (verb) be larger in number, quantity, power, status or importance | Synonyms: dominate, predominate, prevail, reign |
| (verb) have an affinity with; of signs of the zodiac | - |
| ruled | (adjective) subject to a ruling authority | - |
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| ruler | (noun) measuring stick consisting of a strip of wood or metal or plastic with a straight edge that is used for drawing straight lines and measuring lengths | Synonyms: rule |
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| (noun) a person who rules or commands | Synonyms: swayer |
| rulership | (noun) the position of ruler | - |
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| ruling | (adjective) exercising power or authority | Synonyms: regnant, reigning |
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| (noun) the reason for a court's judgment (as opposed to the decision itself) | Synonyms: opinion |
| ruly | (adjective) neat and tidy | - |
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| rum | (adjective) beyond or deviating from the usual or expected | Synonyms: curious, funny, odd, peculiar, queer, rummy, singular |
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| (noun) a card game based on collecting sets and sequences; the winner is the first to meld all their cards | Synonyms: rummy |
| (noun) liquor distilled from fermented molasses | - |
| rumba | (noun) a folk dance in duple time that originated in Cuba with Spanish and African elements; features complex footwork and violent movement | Synonyms: rhumba |
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| (noun) a ballroom dance based on the Cuban folk dance | Synonyms: rhumba |
| (noun) syncopated music in duple time for dancing the rumba | Synonyms: rhumba |
| (verb) dance the rhumba | Synonyms: rhumba |
| rumble | (noun) a fight between rival gangs of adolescents | Synonyms: gang fight |
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| (noun) a servant's seat (or luggage compartment) in the rear of a carriage | - |
| (noun) a loud low dull continuous noise | Synonyms: grumble, grumbling, rumbling |
| (verb) to utter or emit low dull rumbling sounds | Synonyms: growl, grumble |
| (verb) make a low noise | Synonyms: grumble |
| rumbling | (adjective) continuous full and low-pitched throbbing sound | Synonyms: grumbling |
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| (noun) a loud low dull continuous noise | Synonyms: grumble, grumbling, rumble |
| rumbustious | (adjective) noisy and lacking in restraint or discipline | Synonyms: boisterous, rambunctious, robustious, unruly |
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| rumen | (noun) the first compartment of the stomach of a ruminant; here food is collected and returned to the mouth as cud for chewing | Synonyms: first stomach |
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| ruminant | (adjective) related to or characteristic of animals of the suborder Ruminantia or any other animal that chews a cud | - |
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| (noun) any of various cud-chewing hoofed mammals having a stomach divided into four (occasionally three) compartments | - |
| ruminate | (verb) reflect deeply on a subject | Synonyms: chew over, contemplate, excogitate, meditate, mull, mull over, muse, ponder, reflect, speculate, think over |
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| (verb) chew the cuds | - |
| rumination | (noun) regurgitation of small amounts of food; seen in some infants after feeding | - |
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| (noun) (of ruminants) chewing (the cud) | - |
| (noun) a calm, lengthy, intent consideration | Synonyms: contemplation, musing, reflection, reflexion, thoughtfulness |
| ruminative | (adjective) deeply or seriously thoughtful | Synonyms: brooding, broody, contemplative, meditative, musing, pensive, pondering, reflective |
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