ref | (noun) (sports) the chief official (as in boxing or American football) who is expected to ensure fair play | Synonyms: referee |
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refabrication | (noun) assembling again | Synonyms: reassembly |
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reface | (verb) put a new facing on (a garment) | - |
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(verb) provide with a new facing | - |
refashion | (verb) make new | Synonyms: make over, redo, remake |
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refection | (noun) a light meal or repast | - |
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refectory | (noun) a communal dining-hall (usually in a monastery) | - |
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refer | (verb) think of, regard, or classify under a subsuming principle or with a general group or in relation to another | - |
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(verb) have as a meaning | Synonyms: denote |
(verb) make reference to | Synonyms: advert, bring up, cite, mention, name |
(verb) use a name to designate | - |
(verb) seek information from | Synonyms: consult, look up |
(verb) send or direct for treatment, information, or a decision | - |
(verb) be relevant to | Synonyms: bear on, come to, concern, have to do with, pertain, relate, touch, touch on |
referable | (adjective) capable of being assigned or credited to | Synonyms: ascribable, due, imputable |
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referee | (noun) (sports) the chief official (as in boxing or American football) who is expected to ensure fair play | Synonyms: ref |
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(noun) someone who reads manuscripts and judges their suitability for publication | Synonyms: reader, reviewer |
(noun) an attorney appointed by a court to investigate and report on a case | - |
(verb) evaluate professionally a colleague's work | Synonyms: peer review |
(verb) be a referee or umpire in a sports competition | Synonyms: umpire |
refereeing | (noun) the act of umpiring | Synonyms: officiating, officiation, umpirage |
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reference | (noun) the act of referring or consulting | Synonyms: consultation |
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(noun) the most direct or specific meaning of a word or expression; the class of objects that an expression refers to | Synonyms: denotation, extension |
(noun) the relation between a word or phrase and the object or idea it refers to | - |
(noun) a formal recommendation by a former employer to a potential future employer describing the person's qualifications and dependability | Synonyms: character, character reference |
(noun) a remark that calls attention to something or someone | Synonyms: mention |
(noun) a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage | Synonyms: acknowledgment, citation, cite, credit, mention, quotation |
(noun) a book to which you can refer for authoritative facts | Synonyms: book of facts, reference book, reference work |
(noun) an indicator that orients you generally | Synonyms: point of reference, reference point |
(noun) a publication (or a passage from a publication) that is referred to | Synonyms: source |
(noun) (computer science) the code that identifies where a piece of information is stored | Synonyms: address, computer address |
(verb) refer to | Synonyms: cite |
referenced | (adjective) supported with written references or citations | - |
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referendum | (noun) a legislative act is referred for final approval to a popular vote by the electorate | - |
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referent | (adjective) having reference | - |
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(noun) something referred to; the object of a reference | - |
(noun) the first term in a proposition; the term to which other terms relate | - |
(noun) something that refers; a term that refers to another term | - |
referential | (adjective) referring or pointing to something | - |
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referral | (noun) the act of referring (as forwarding an applicant for employment or referring a matter to an appropriate agency) | - |
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(noun) a recommendation to consult the (professional) person or group to whom one has been referred | - |
(noun) a person whose case has been referred to a specialist or professional group | - |
refill | (noun) a commercial product that refills a container with its appropriate contents | - |
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(noun) a prescription drug that is provided again | - |
(verb) fill something that had previously been emptied | Synonyms: fill again, replenish |
refilling | (noun) filling again by supplying what has been used up | Synonyms: renewal, replacement, replenishment |
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refinance | (verb) renew the financing of | - |
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refine | (verb) reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; separate from extraneous matter or cleanse from impurities | Synonyms: rectify |
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(verb) improve or perfect by pruning or polishing | Synonyms: down, fine-tune, polish |
(verb) treat or prepare so as to put in a usable condition | - |
(verb) attenuate or reduce in vigor, strength, or intensity by polishing or purifying | - |
(verb) make more precise or increase the discriminatory powers of | - |
(verb) make more complex, intricate, or richer | Synonyms: complicate, elaborate, rarify |
refined | (adjective) (used of persons and their behavior) cultivated and genteel | - |
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(adjective) freed from impurities by processing | Synonyms: processed |
(adjective) suggesting taste, ease, and wealth | Synonyms: elegant, graceful |
(adjective) precise to a fine degree | - |
(adjective) showing a high degree of refinement and the assurance that comes from wide social experience | Synonyms: polished, urbane |
refinement | (noun) the quality of excellence in thought and manners and taste | Synonyms: civilisation, civilization |
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(noun) a subtle difference in meaning or opinion or attitude | Synonyms: nicety, nuance, shade, subtlety |
(noun) the result of improving something | Synonyms: elaboration |
(noun) the process of removing impurities (as from oil or metals or sugar etc.) | Synonyms: purification, refining |
(noun) a highly developed state of perfection; having a flawless or impeccable quality | Synonyms: cultivation, culture, finish, polish |
refiner | (noun) one whose work is to refine a specific thing | - |
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refinery | (noun) an industrial plant for purifying a crude substance | - |
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refining | (noun) the process of removing impurities (as from oil or metals or sugar etc.) | Synonyms: purification, refinement |
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refinish | (verb) give a new surface | - |
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refinisher | (noun) a skilled worker who is employed to restore or refinish buildings or antique furniture | Synonyms: preserver, renovator, restorer |
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refit | (noun) outfitting a ship again (by repairing or replacing parts) | - |
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(verb) fit out again | - |
reflate | (verb) become inflated again | - |
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(verb) inflate again | - |
(verb) raise demand, expand the money supply, or raise prices, after a period of deflation | - |
(verb) experience reflation | - |
reflation | (noun) inflation of currency after a period of deflation; restore the system to a previous state | - |
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reflect | (verb) reflect deeply on a subject | Synonyms: chew over, contemplate, excogitate, meditate, mull, mull over, muse, ponder, ruminate, speculate, think over |
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(verb) give evidence of the quality of | - |
(verb) give evidence of a certain behavior | - |
(verb) to throw or bend back (from a surface) | Synonyms: reverberate |
(verb) manifest or bring back | - |
(verb) show an image of | - |
(verb) be bright by reflecting or casting light | Synonyms: shine |
reflectance | (noun) the fraction of radiant energy that is reflected from a surface | Synonyms: coefficient of reflection, reflection factor, reflectivity |
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reflected | (adjective) (especially of incident sound or light) bent or sent back | - |
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reflecting | (adjective) causing reflection or having a device that reflects | - |
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reflection | (noun) the image of something as reflected by a mirror (or other reflective material) | Synonyms: reflexion |
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(noun) the ability to reflect beams or rays | Synonyms: reflectivity, reflexion |
(noun) a likeness in which left and right are reversed | Synonyms: mirror image, reflexion |
(noun) a calm, lengthy, intent consideration | Synonyms: contemplation, musing, reflexion, rumination, thoughtfulness |
(noun) a remark expressing careful consideration | Synonyms: observation, reflexion |
(noun) expression without words | Synonyms: expression, manifestation, reflexion |
(noun) the phenomenon of a propagating wave (light or sound) being thrown back from a surface | Synonyms: reflexion |
(noun) (mathematics) a transformation in which the direction of one axis is reversed | - |
reflective | (adjective) capable of physically reflecting light or sound | - |
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(adjective) devoted to matters of the mind | - |
(adjective) deeply or seriously thoughtful | Synonyms: brooding, broody, contemplative, meditative, musing, pensive, pondering, ruminative |
reflectively | (adverb) in a reflective manner | - |
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reflectiveness | (noun) the capability of quiet thought or contemplation | Synonyms: reflectivity |
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reflectivity | (noun) the ability to reflect beams or rays | Synonyms: reflection, reflexion |
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(noun) the capability of quiet thought or contemplation | Synonyms: reflectiveness |
(noun) the fraction of radiant energy that is reflected from a surface | Synonyms: coefficient of reflection, reflectance, reflection factor |
reflectometer | (noun) a meter that measures the reflectance of a surface | - |
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reflector | (noun) device that reflects radiation | - |
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(noun) optical telescope consisting of a large concave mirror that produces an image that is magnified by the eyepiece | Synonyms: reflecting telescope |
reflectorise | (verb) provide with reflectors, such as chemicals | Synonyms: reflectorize |
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reflectorize | (verb) provide with reflectors, such as chemicals | Synonyms: reflectorise |
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reflex | (adjective) without volition or conscious control | Synonyms: automatic, reflexive |
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(noun) an automatic instinctive unlearned reaction to a stimulus | Synonyms: inborn reflex, innate reflex, instinctive reflex, physiological reaction, reflex action, reflex response, unconditioned reflex |
reflexed | (adjective) (of leaves) bent downward and outward more than 90 degrees | - |
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reflexion | (noun) the image of something as reflected by a mirror (or other reflective material) | Synonyms: reflection |
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(noun) the ability to reflect beams or rays | Synonyms: reflection, reflectivity |
(noun) a likeness in which left and right are reversed | Synonyms: mirror image, reflection |
(noun) a calm, lengthy, intent consideration | Synonyms: contemplation, musing, reflection, rumination, thoughtfulness |
(noun) a remark expressing careful consideration | Synonyms: observation, reflection |
(noun) expression without words | Synonyms: expression, manifestation, reflection |
(noun) the phenomenon of a propagating wave (light or sound) being thrown back from a surface | Synonyms: reflection |
reflexive | (adjective) referring back to itself | Synonyms: self-referent |
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(adjective) without volition or conscious control | Synonyms: automatic, reflex |
(noun) a personal pronoun compounded with -self to show the agent's action affects the agent | Synonyms: reflexive pronoun |
reflexively | (adverb) in a reflexive manner; by means of reflexes | Synonyms: reflexly |
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reflexiveness | (noun) the coreferential relation between a reflexive pronoun and its antecedent | Synonyms: reflexivity |
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(noun) (logic and mathematics) a relation such that it holds between an element and itself | Synonyms: reflexivity |
reflexivity | (noun) the coreferential relation between a reflexive pronoun and its antecedent | Synonyms: reflexiveness |
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(noun) (logic and mathematics) a relation such that it holds between an element and itself | Synonyms: reflexiveness |
reflexly | (adverb) in a reflexive manner; by means of reflexes | Synonyms: reflexively |
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reflexology | (noun) massage to relieve tension by finger pressure; based on the belief that there are reflex points on the feet, hands, and head that are connected to every part of the body | - |
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(noun) the study of reflex action as it relates to the behavior of organisms | - |
refloat | (verb) set afloat again | - |
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reflux | (noun) the outward flow of the tide | Synonyms: ebb |
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(noun) an abnormal backward flow of body fluids | - |
refocus | (verb) put again into focus or focus more sharply | - |
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(verb) focus anew | - |
(verb) focus once again | - |
refocusing | (noun) focusing again | - |
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reforest | (verb) forest anew | - |
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reforestation | (noun) the restoration (replanting) of a forest that had been reduced by fire or cutting | Synonyms: re-afforestation |
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reforge | (verb) cast or model anew | Synonyms: recast, remodel |
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reform | (noun) a change for the better as a result of correcting abuses | - |
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(noun) a campaign aimed to correct abuses or malpractices | - |
(noun) self-improvement in behavior or morals by abandoning some vice | - |
(verb) make changes for improvement in order to remove abuse and injustices | - |
(verb) break up the molecules of | - |
(verb) produce by cracking | - |
(verb) change for the better | Synonyms: see the light, straighten out |
(verb) bring, lead, or force to abandon a wrong or evil course of life, conduct, and adopt a right one | Synonyms: reclaim, rectify, regenerate |
(verb) improve by alteration or correction of errors or defects and put into a better condition | - |
reformable | (adjective) susceptible to improvement or reform | Synonyms: redeemable |
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reformation | (noun) rescuing from error and returning to a rightful course | Synonyms: reclamation |
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(noun) improvement (or an intended improvement) in the existing form or condition of institutions or practices etc.; intended to make a striking change for the better in social or political or religious affairs | - |
reformative | (adjective) tending to reform | Synonyms: reformatory |
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reformatory | (adjective) tending to reform | Synonyms: reformative |
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(noun) correctional institution for the detention and discipline and training of young or first offenders | Synonyms: reform school, training school |
reformed | (adjective) caused to abandon an evil manner of living and follow a good one | - |
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reformer | (noun) an apparatus that reforms the molecular structure of hydrocarbons to produce richer fuel | - |
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(noun) a disputant who advocates reform | Synonyms: crusader, meliorist, reformist, social reformer |
reformism | (noun) a doctrine of reform | - |
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reformist | (adjective) favoring or promoting reform (often by government action) | Synonyms: progressive, reform-minded |
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(noun) a disputant who advocates reform | Synonyms: crusader, meliorist, reformer, social reformer |
reformulate | (verb) formulate or develop again, of an improved theory or hypothesis | Synonyms: redevelop |
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refract | (verb) determine the refracting power of (a lens) | - |
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(verb) subject to refraction | - |
refractile | (adjective) of or relating to or capable of refraction | Synonyms: refractive |
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refraction | (noun) the amount by which a propagating wave is bent | Synonyms: deflection, deflexion |
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(noun) the change in direction of a propagating wave (light or sound) when passing from one medium to another | - |
refractive | (adjective) of or relating to or capable of refraction | Synonyms: refractile |
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(adjective) capable of changing the direction (of a light or sound wave) | Synonyms: deflective |
refractiveness | (noun) the physical property of a medium as determined by its index of refraction | Synonyms: refractivity |
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refractivity | (noun) the physical property of a medium as determined by its index of refraction | Synonyms: refractiveness |
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refractometer | (noun) measuring instrument for measuring the refractive index of a substance | - |
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refractoriness | (noun) the trait of being unmanageable | Synonyms: recalcitrance, recalcitrancy, unmanageableness |
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refractory | (adjective) stubbornly resistant to authority or control | Synonyms: fractious, recalcitrant |
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(adjective) temporarily unresponsive or not fully responsive to a process or stimulus | - |
(adjective) not responding to treatment | Synonyms: stubborn |
(noun) lining consisting of material with a high melting point; used to line the inside walls of a furnace | Synonyms: furnace lining |
refracture | (verb) break (a bone) that was previously broken but mended in an abnormal way | - |
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refrain | (noun) the part of a song where a soloist is joined by a group of singers | Synonyms: chorus |
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(verb) choose not to consume | Synonyms: abstain, desist |
(verb) resist doing something | Synonyms: forbear |
refresh | (verb) make fresh again | Synonyms: freshen, refreshen |
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(verb) become or make oneself fresh again | Synonyms: freshen, freshen up, refreshen |
(verb) make (to feel) fresh | Synonyms: freshen |
(verb) refresh one's memory | Synonyms: brush up, review |
refreshed | (adjective) with restored energy | Synonyms: fresh, invigorated, reinvigorated |
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refreshen | (verb) become or make oneself fresh again | Synonyms: freshen, freshen up, refresh |
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(verb) make fresh again | Synonyms: freshen, refresh |
refresher | (noun) a course that reviews and updates a topic for those who have not kept abreast of developments | Synonyms: refresher course |
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(noun) a drink that refreshes | - |
(noun) a fee (in addition to that marked on the brief) paid to counsel in a case that lasts more than one day | - |
refreshful | (adjective) imparting vitality and energy | Synonyms: bracing, brisk, fresh, refreshing, tonic |
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refreshfully | (adverb) in a manner that relieves fatigue and restores vitality | Synonyms: refreshingly |
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refreshing | (adjective) imparting vitality and energy | Synonyms: bracing, brisk, fresh, refreshful, tonic |
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(adjective) pleasantly new or different | Synonyms: novel |
refreshingly | (adverb) in a pleasantly novel manner | - |
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(adverb) in a manner that relieves fatigue and restores vitality | Synonyms: refreshfully |
refreshment | (noun) activity that refreshes and recreates; activity that renews your health and spirits by enjoyment and relaxation | Synonyms: recreation |
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(noun) snacks and drinks served as a light meal | - |
refrigerant | (adjective) causing cooling or freezing | Synonyms: refrigerating |
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(noun) any substance used to provide cooling (as in a refrigerator) | - |
refrigerate | (verb) cool or chill in or as if in a refrigerator | - |
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(verb) preserve by chilling | - |
refrigerated | (adjective) made or kept cold by refrigeration | - |
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refrigerating | (adjective) causing cooling or freezing | Synonyms: refrigerant |
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refrigeration | (noun) deliberately lowering the body's temperature for therapeutic purposes | - |
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(noun) the process of cooling or freezing (e.g., food) for preservative purposes | Synonyms: infrigidation |
refrigerator | (noun) white goods in which food can be stored at low temperatures | Synonyms: icebox |
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refuel | (verb) take on more fuel, as of a plane, ship, or car | - |
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(verb) provide with additional fuel, as of aircraft, ships, and cars | - |
refueling | (noun) the activity of supplying or taking on fuel | Synonyms: fueling, fuelling |
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refuge | (noun) act of turning to for assistance | Synonyms: recourse, resort |
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(noun) a shelter from danger or hardship | Synonyms: asylum, sanctuary |
(noun) something or someone turned to for assistance or security | Synonyms: recourse, resort |
(noun) a safe place | Synonyms: safety |
refugee | (noun) an exile who flees for safety | - |
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refulgence | (noun) the quality of being bright and sending out rays of light | Synonyms: effulgence, radiance, radiancy, refulgency, shine |
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