| abstain | (verb) choose not to consume | Synonyms: desist, refrain |
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| (verb) refrain from voting | - |
| apostatise | (verb) abandon one's beliefs or allegiances | Synonyms: apostatize, tergiversate |
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| apostatize | (verb) abandon one's beliefs or allegiances | Synonyms: apostatise, tergiversate |
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| bastardise | (verb) declare a child to be illegitimate | Synonyms: bastardize |
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| (verb) change something so that its value declines; for example, art forms | Synonyms: bastardize |
| bastardize | (verb) declare a child to be illegitimate | Synonyms: bastardise |
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| (verb) change something so that its value declines; for example, art forms | Synonyms: bastardise |
| circumstantiate | (verb) give circumstantial evidence for | - |
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| consubstantiate | (verb) become united in substance | - |
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| (verb) unite in one common substance | - |
| crystalise | (verb) assume crystalline form; become crystallized | Synonyms: crystalize, crystallize, effloresce |
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| (verb) cause to form crystals or assume crystalline form | Synonyms: crystalize, crystallise, crystallize |
| (verb) cause to take on a definite and clear shape | Synonyms: crystalize, crystallise, crystallize |
| (verb) make free from confusion or ambiguity; make clear | Synonyms: clear, clear up, crystalize, crystallise, crystallize, elucidate, enlighten, illuminate, shed light on, sort out, straighten out |
| crystalize | (verb) assume crystalline form; become crystallized | Synonyms: crystalise, crystallize, effloresce |
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| (verb) cause to form crystals or assume crystalline form | Synonyms: crystalise, crystallise, crystallize |
| (verb) cause to take on a definite and clear shape | Synonyms: crystalise, crystallise, crystallize |
| (verb) make free from confusion or ambiguity; make clear | Synonyms: clear, clear up, crystalise, crystallise, crystallize, elucidate, enlighten, illuminate, shed light on, sort out, straighten out |
| crystallise | (verb) cause to form crystals or assume crystalline form | Synonyms: crystalise, crystalize, crystallize |
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| (verb) cause to take on a definite and clear shape | Synonyms: crystalise, crystalize, crystallize |
| (verb) make free from confusion or ambiguity; make clear | Synonyms: clear, clear up, crystalise, crystalize, crystallize, elucidate, enlighten, illuminate, shed light on, sort out, straighten out |
| crystallize | (verb) assume crystalline form; become crystallized | Synonyms: crystalise, crystalize, effloresce |
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| (verb) cause to form crystals or assume crystalline form | Synonyms: crystalise, crystalize, crystallise |
| (verb) cause to take on a definite and clear shape | Synonyms: crystalise, crystalize, crystallise |
| (verb) make free from confusion or ambiguity; make clear | Synonyms: clear, clear up, crystalise, crystalize, crystallise, elucidate, enlighten, illuminate, shed light on, sort out, straighten out |
| destabilise | (verb) make unstable | Synonyms: destabilize |
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| (verb) become unstable | Synonyms: destabilize |
| destabilize | (verb) make unstable | Synonyms: destabilise |
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| (verb) become unstable | Synonyms: destabilise |
| destain | (verb) remove stain from (a laboratory specimen) to enhance contrast | - |
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| destalinise | (verb) counteract the effects and policies of Stalinism | Synonyms: destalinize |
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| destalinize | (verb) counteract the effects and policies of Stalinism | Synonyms: destalinise |
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| devastate | (verb) cause extensive destruction or ruin utterly | Synonyms: desolate, lay waste to, ravage, scourge, waste |
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| (verb) overwhelm or overpower | - |
| disestablish | (verb) deprive (an established church) of its status | - |
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| distance | (verb) go far ahead of | Synonyms: outdistance, outstrip |
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| (verb) keep at a distance | - |
| establish | (verb) establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment | Synonyms: demonstrate, prove, shew, show |
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| (verb) institute, enact, or establish | Synonyms: lay down, make |
| (verb) use as a basis for; found on | Synonyms: base, found, ground |
| (verb) place | Synonyms: instal, install, set up |
| (verb) set up or lay the groundwork for | Synonyms: constitute, found, institute, plant |
| (verb) bring about | Synonyms: give |
| (verb) build or establish something abstract | Synonyms: build |
| (verb) set up or found | Synonyms: found, launch, set up |
| forestall | (verb) act in advance of; deal with ahead of time | Synonyms: anticipate, counter, foresee |
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| (verb) keep from happening or arising; make impossible | Synonyms: forbid, foreclose, preclude, prevent |
| gestate | (verb) be pregnant with | Synonyms: bear, carry, expect, have a bun in the oven |
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| (verb) have the idea for | Synonyms: conceive, conceptualise, conceptualize |
| grandstand | (verb) perform ostentatiously in order to impress the audience and with an eye to the applause | - |
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| grubstake | (verb) supply with funds in return for a promised share of profits | - |
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| handstamp | (verb) stamp with a rubber stamp, usually an indication of official approval on a document | Synonyms: rubberstamp |
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| hypostatise | (verb) construe as a real existence, of a conceptual entity | Synonyms: hypostatize |
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| hypostatize | (verb) construe as a real existence, of a conceptual entity | Synonyms: hypostatise |
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| instal | (verb) set up for use | Synonyms: install, put in, set up |
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| (verb) place | Synonyms: establish, install, set up |
| (verb) put into an office or a position | Synonyms: install |
| instalike | (verb) to instantly vote for something on social media | - |
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| install | (verb) set up for use | Synonyms: instal, put in, set up |
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| (verb) place | Synonyms: establish, instal, set up |
| (verb) put into an office or a position | Synonyms: instal |
| instance | (verb) clarify by giving an example of | Synonyms: exemplify, illustrate |
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| instantiate | (verb) find an instance of (a word or particular usage of a word) | - |
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| (verb) represent by an instance | - |
| jumpstart | (verb) start or re-start vigorously | Synonyms: jump-start |
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| (verb) start (a car engine whose battery is dead) by connecting it to another car's battery | Synonyms: jump-start, jump |
| metastasise | (verb) spread throughout the body | Synonyms: metastasize |
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| metastasize | (verb) spread throughout the body | Synonyms: metastasise |
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| misstate | (verb) state something incorrectly | - |
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| mistake | (verb) to make a mistake or be incorrect | Synonyms: err, slip |
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| (verb) identify incorrectly | Synonyms: misidentify |
| misunderstand | (verb) interpret in the wrong way | Synonyms: be amiss, misapprehend, misconceive, misconstrue, misinterpret |
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| outdistance | (verb) go far ahead of | Synonyms: distance, outstrip |
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| outstare | (verb) overcome or cause to waver or submit by (or as if by) staring | Synonyms: outface, stare down |
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| outstay | (verb) stay too long | Synonyms: overstay |
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| (verb) surpass in staying power | - |
| overstate | (verb) to enlarge beyond bounds or the truth | Synonyms: amplify, exaggerate, hyperbolise, hyperbolize, magnify, overdraw |
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| overstay | (verb) stay too long | Synonyms: outstay |
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| photostat | (verb) make a copy by means of a Photostat device | - |
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| reestablish | (verb) bring back into original existence, use, function, or position | Synonyms: reinstate, restore |
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| reinstall | (verb) install again | - |
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| reinstate | (verb) restore to the previous state or rank | - |
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| (verb) bring back into original existence, use, function, or position | Synonyms: reestablish, restore |
| restart | (verb) take up or begin anew | Synonyms: re-start, resume |
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| (verb) start an engine again, for example | Synonyms: re-start |
| restate | (verb) to say, state, or perform again | Synonyms: ingeminate, iterate, reiterate, repeat, retell |
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| rubberstamp | (verb) approve automatically | - |
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| (verb) stamp with a rubber stamp, usually an indication of official approval on a document | Synonyms: handstamp |
| stab | (verb) stab or pierce | Synonyms: jab |
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| (verb) poke or thrust abruptly | Synonyms: dig, jab, poke, prod |
| (verb) use a knife on | Synonyms: knife |
| stabilise | (verb) become stable or more stable | Synonyms: stabilize |
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| (verb) make stable and keep from fluctuating or put into an equilibrium | Synonyms: stabilize |
| (verb) support or hold steady and make steadfast, with or as if with a brace | Synonyms: brace, stabilize, steady |
| stabilize | (verb) become stable or more stable | Synonyms: stabilise |
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| (verb) make stable and keep from fluctuating or put into an equilibrium | Synonyms: stabilise |
| (verb) support or hold steady and make steadfast, with or as if with a brace | Synonyms: brace, stabilise, steady |
| stable | (verb) shelter in a stable | - |
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| stack | (verb) arrange in stacks | Synonyms: heap, pile |
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| (verb) load or cover with stacks | - |
| (verb) arrange the order of so as to increase one's winning chances | - |
| staff | (verb) provide with staff | - |
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| (verb) serve on the staff of | - |
| stag | (verb) watch, observe, or inquire secretly | Synonyms: sleuth, snoop, spy |
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| (verb) give away information about somebody | Synonyms: betray, denounce, give away, grass, rat, shit, shop, snitch, tell on |
| (verb) attend a dance or a party without a female companion | - |
| stage | (verb) perform (a play), especially on a stage | Synonyms: present, represent |
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| (verb) plan, organize, and carry out (an event) | Synonyms: arrange |
| stagger | (verb) to arrange in a systematic order | Synonyms: distribute |
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| (verb) astound or overwhelm, as with shock | - |
| (verb) walk as if unable to control one's movements | Synonyms: careen, keel, lurch, reel, swag |
| (verb) walk with great difficulty | Synonyms: flounder |
| stagnate | (verb) be idle; exist in a changeless situation | Synonyms: idle, laze, slug |
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| (verb) cease to flow; stand without moving | - |
| (verb) stand still | - |
| (verb) cause to stagnate | - |
| stain | (verb) produce or leave stains | - |
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| (verb) color with a liquid dye or tint | - |
| (verb) color for microscopic study | Synonyms: dye |
| (verb) make dirty or spotty, as by exposure to air; also used metaphorically | Synonyms: defile, maculate, sully, tarnish |
| stake | (verb) place a bet on | Synonyms: back, bet on, gage, game, punt |
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| (verb) mark with a stake | Synonyms: post |
| (verb) tie or fasten to a stake | - |
| (verb) kill by piercing with a spear or sharp pole | Synonyms: impale |
| (verb) put at risk | Synonyms: adventure, hazard, jeopardize, venture |
| stale | (verb) urinate, of cattle and horses | - |
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| stalemate | (verb) subject to a stalemate | - |
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| stalinise | (verb) transform in accordance with Stalin's policies | Synonyms: stalinize |
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| stalinize | (verb) transform in accordance with Stalin's policies | Synonyms: stalinise |
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| stalk | (verb) walk stiffly | - |
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| (verb) follow stealthily or recur constantly and spontaneously to | Synonyms: haunt |
| (verb) go through (an area) in search of prey | - |
| stall | (verb) deliberately delay an event or action | - |
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| (verb) come to a stop | Synonyms: conk |
| (verb) cause an engine to stop | - |
| (verb) cause an airplane to go into a stall | - |
| (verb) experience a stall in flight, of airplanes | - |
| (verb) put into, or keep in, a stall | - |
| (verb) postpone doing what one should be doing | Synonyms: dilly-dally, dillydally, drag one's feet, drag one's heels, procrastinate, shillyshally |
| stammer | (verb) speak haltingly | Synonyms: bumble, falter, stutter |
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| stamp | (verb) destroy or extinguish as if by stamping with the foot | - |
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| (verb) treat or classify according to a mental stereotype | Synonyms: pigeonhole, stereotype |
| (verb) to mark, or produce an imprint in or on something | - |
| (verb) affix a stamp to | - |
| (verb) raise in a relief | Synonyms: boss, emboss |
| (verb) crush or grind with a heavy instrument | - |
| (verb) form or cut out with a mold, form, or die | - |
| (verb) walk heavily | Synonyms: stomp, stump |
| (verb) reveal clearly as having a certain character | - |
| stampede | (verb) run away in a stampede | - |
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| (verb) cause to run in panic | - |
| (verb) act, usually en masse, hurriedly or on an impulse | - |
| (verb) cause a group or mass of people to act on an impulse or hurriedly and impulsively | - |
| stanch | (verb) stop the flow of a liquid | Synonyms: halt, staunch, stem |
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| stand | (verb) put up with something or somebody unpleasant | Synonyms: abide, bear, brook, digest, endure, put up, stick out, stomach, suffer, support, tolerate |
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| (verb) have or maintain a position or stand on an issue | - |
| (verb) withstand the force of something | Synonyms: fend, resist |
| (verb) be standing; be upright | Synonyms: stand up |
| (verb) put into an upright position | Synonyms: place upright, stand up |
| (verb) be available for stud services | - |
| (verb) hold one's ground; maintain a position; be steadfast or upright | Synonyms: remain firm |
| (verb) be tall; have a height of; copula | - |
| (verb) be in effect; be or remain in force | - |
| (verb) occupy a place or location, also metaphorically | - |
| (verb) be in some specified state or condition | - |
| (verb) remain inactive or immobile | - |
| standardise | (verb) cause to conform to standard or norm | Synonyms: standardize |
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| (verb) evaluate by comparing with a standard | Synonyms: standardize |
| standardize | (verb) cause to conform to standard or norm | Synonyms: standardise |
|---|
| (verb) evaluate by comparing with a standard | Synonyms: standardise |
| staple | (verb) secure or fasten with a staple or staples | - |
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| star | (verb) mark with an asterisk | Synonyms: asterisk |
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| (verb) be the star in a performance | - |
| (verb) feature as the star | - |
| starboard | (verb) turn to the right, of helms or rudders | - |
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| starch | (verb) stiffen with starch | - |
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| stare | (verb) fixate one's eyes | - |
|---|
| (verb) look at with fixed eyes | Synonyms: gaze |
| stargaze | (verb) have a daydream; indulge in a fantasy | Synonyms: daydream, dream, woolgather |
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| (verb) observe the stars | - |
| start | (verb) take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | Synonyms: begin, commence, get, get down, set about, set out, start out |
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| (verb) set in motion, cause to start | Synonyms: begin, commence, lead off |
| (verb) play in the starting lineup | - |
| (verb) bring into being | Synonyms: initiate, originate |
| (verb) get off the ground | Synonyms: commence, embark on, start up |
| (verb) begin or set in motion | Synonyms: get going, go |
| (verb) get going or set in motion | Synonyms: start up |
| (verb) depart for someplace | Synonyms: depart, part, set forth, set off, set out, start out, take off |
| (verb) bulge outward | Synonyms: bug out, bulge, bulge out, come out, pop, pop out, protrude |
| (verb) move or jump suddenly, as if in surprise or alarm | Synonyms: jump, startle |
| (verb) begin work or acting in a certain capacity, office or job | Synonyms: take up |
| (verb) begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object | Synonyms: begin |
| (verb) have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense | Synonyms: begin |
| (verb) have a beginning characterized in some specified way | Synonyms: begin |
| startle | (verb) to stimulate to action | Synonyms: galvanise, galvanize |
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| (verb) move or jump suddenly, as if in surprise or alarm | Synonyms: jump, start |
| starve | (verb) be hungry; go without food | Synonyms: famish, hunger |
|---|
| (verb) have a craving, appetite, or great desire for | Synonyms: crave, hunger, lust, thirst |
| (verb) die of food deprivation | Synonyms: famish |
| (verb) deprive of food | Synonyms: famish |
| (verb) deprive of a necessity and cause suffering | - |
| stash | (verb) save up as for future use | Synonyms: cache, hive up, hoard, lay away, squirrel away |
|---|
| state | (verb) express in words | Synonyms: say, tell |
|---|
| (verb) put before | Synonyms: posit, put forward, submit |
| (verb) indicate through a symbol, formula, etc. | Synonyms: express |
| station | (verb) assign to a station | Synonyms: place, post, send |
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| staunch | (verb) stop the flow of a liquid | Synonyms: halt, stanch, stem |
|---|
| stave | (verb) burst or force (a hole) into something | Synonyms: stave in |
|---|
| (verb) furnish with staves | - |
| stay | (verb) stay the same; remain in a certain state | Synonyms: remain, rest |
|---|
| (verb) stop or halt | Synonyms: delay, detain |
| (verb) overcome or allay | Synonyms: appease, quell |
| (verb) fasten with stays | - |
| (verb) be in a certain place and not leave | Synonyms: persist, remain, stay put, stick, stick around |
| (verb) stop a judicial process | - |
| (verb) dwell | Synonyms: abide, bide |
| (verb) continue in a place, position, or situation | Synonyms: continue, remain, stay on |
| (verb) hang on during a trial of endurance | Synonyms: last out, outride, ride out |
| substantiate | (verb) solidify, firm, or strengthen | - |
|---|
| (verb) establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts | Synonyms: affirm, confirm, corroborate, support, sustain |
| (verb) make real or concrete; give reality or substance to | Synonyms: actualise, actualize, realise, realize |
| (verb) represent in bodily form | Synonyms: body forth, embody, incarnate |
| sustain | (verb) undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | Synonyms: get, have, suffer |
|---|
| (verb) establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts | Synonyms: affirm, confirm, corroborate, substantiate, support |
| (verb) admit as valid | - |
| (verb) supply with necessities and support | Synonyms: keep, maintain |
| (verb) provide with nourishment | Synonyms: nourish, nurture |
| (verb) be the physical support of; carry the weight of | Synonyms: hold, hold up, support |
| (verb) lengthen or extend in duration or space | Synonyms: keep up, prolong |
| thermostat | (verb) control the temperature with a thermostat | - |
|---|
| transubstantiate | (verb) change or alter in form, appearance, or nature | Synonyms: transform, transmute |
|---|
| (verb) change (the Eucharist bread and wine) into the body and blood of Christ | - |
| understand | (verb) know and comprehend the nature or meaning of | - |
|---|
| (verb) perceive (an idea or situation) mentally | Synonyms: realise, realize, see |
| (verb) believe to be the case | Synonyms: infer |
| (verb) make sense of a language | Synonyms: interpret, read, translate |
| (verb) be understanding of | Synonyms: empathise, empathize, sympathise, sympathize |
| understate | (verb) represent as less significant or important | Synonyms: downplay, minimise, minimize |
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| unstaple | (verb) take the staples off | - |
|---|
| unsubstantialise | (verb) render immaterial or incorporeal | Synonyms: immaterialise, immaterialize, unsubstantialize |
|---|
| unsubstantialize | (verb) render immaterial or incorporeal | Synonyms: immaterialise, immaterialize, unsubstantialise |
|---|
| upstage | (verb) steal the show, draw attention to oneself away from someone else | - |
|---|
| (verb) move upstage, forcing the other actors to turn away from the audience | - |
| (verb) treat snobbishly, put in one's place | - |